Orthopaedic Nurses Certification Board (ONCB) Metabolic/Inflammatory/Tumors Practice Exam

What nutrient is critical to educate about when discussing the risk for osteomalacia?

1. Vitamin A

2. Calcium

3. Vitamin D

4. Phosphorus

The correct answer is: Vitamin D

The critical nutrient to educate about when discussing the risk for osteomalacia is vitamin D. Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by the softening of bones due to vitamin D deficiency, which impairs the body's ability to absorb calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D is essential for the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism, which are vital for maintaining healthy bone structure and strength. Without adequate vitamin D, the body cannot effectively utilize calcium, leading to weakened bones and increased risk of deformity and fractures. Understanding the role of vitamin D emphasizes the importance of sunlight exposure, dietary sources, and supplementation when necessary, in preventing osteomalacia. This awareness is particularly crucial for populations at risk, such as those with limited sun exposure, older adults, or individuals with malabsorption disorders. The other nutrients, while they play roles in bone health, do not directly address the mechanism of osteomalacia as significantly as vitamin D does.